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To qualify for any form of patent in the US, an inventor must file a patent application with the PTO – an agency within the Department of Commerce – which is expected to be in three parts.

The first is the ‘specification part’, which generally describes the invention. The second is the ‘claims part’, which provides a more detailed statements explaining clearly how the invention works or is assembled. The third is the ‘drawings part’ that gives an illustrative framework of the invention.

Any inventor seeking to get a patent for his invention would need to hire a patent lawyer or a specially qualified professional called a patent agent to help guide him or her with the preparation of the application.
An official at the PTO, known as a patent examiner, would then review the application to determine if it qualifies for a patent.

This goes without saying that the applicant cannot receive any patent rights until the PTO approves and issues the patent.

It is expected that the patent examiner could ask the applicant to answer various questions about his or her invention, during the patent examination process.

By law, an applicant for patent is required to disclose all relevant information in his or her possession before the patent could be issued.
An important factor that the PTO would have to consider before granting an approval for any patent is the usefulness of an invention.

What this means is that no patent will be granted for any invention that is deemed only useful for illegal or immoral purpose.

In the pre-Viagra era, the existing treatments for ED were crude and often inconvenient to their users. However, satisfying the often time-consuming and cost-prohibitive procedures to get a patent for Viagra means that the introduction of the magic pills not only met the need for an invention to be useful, but also satisfied the unambiguous condition of how Viagra works.

Not only was the mechanism of action of Viagra delineated to get a patent for it, but the conditions under which the diamond-shaped pills should be taken were also fully explained.

Any one who is using any medicines that contain nitrates (e.g. nitroglycerin for chest pain) is strongly advised against taking Viagra tablets.

Also, before engaging in sexual activity, one is expected to discuss one’s general health status with his doctor to ensure that he is healthy enough.

After taking Viagra, and you experience nausea, chest pain, or any other discomforts during sex, seek medical help immediately.

Although erections that last for more than 4 hours could be a rare possibility with Viagra and the other ED treatments in the Viagra class, it is important to seek immediate medical help to avoid long-term injuries.

Also, men who are above 65, or men who have serious liver or kidney problems, could be started at the lowest dose of 25 mg of Viagra tablets.

People who are taking protease inhibitors –such as treatment for HIV – could be limited to a recommended dose of 25-mg dose in a 48-hour period to boot.

Viagra tablets online are not to be normally taken in combination with medications for high blood pressure such as alpha blockers, and when taken, are to be taken about four apart. In addition, patients who have prostate problems could be started you on a lower dose of Viagra.

Common side effects of online Viagra tablets are facial flushing, headache and upset stomach. Less common ones include bluish vision, blurred vision, or sensitivity to light.

The release of Viagra pills into the market came with the announcement that the discovery of the magic drug was serendipitous. The drug only became marketed as an anti-impotence drug after it was discovered that the men who were given the little blue pills to take home as part of clinical trials for a newly developed drug that was intended to be used for the treatment of Angina pectoris and pulmonary arterial hypertension produced a surprising, albeit welcome, side effects.

When the men refused to return the pills they were given, the pharmaceutical chemists who worked on the new formulation started asking questions, and it was soon found out that the reason why the men had refused to return the drug was because the drug had made the men attain erection, a scenario which was quiet alien to them prior to using Viagra tablets.

Fast forward more than ten years later, history is about to repeat itself, it seems.

A new drug – Flibanserin – has been developed in similar circumstances, but among women this time around.

Produced by the German drug maker Boehringer Ingelheim, Flibanserin (BIMT-17) is a drug that is currently being investigated as a drug for women who are experiencing a decrease in their sexual desire.

The German company had been simply trying to develop a fast-acting antidepressant, one that patients would respond to in a matter of days, not weeks as in most current treatments and hadn’t set out to produce a Viagra-like drug for women.

However, Boehringer Ingelheim reported on November 16, 2009, that late-stage trials for the Viagra-like drug showed that the drug enhanced sexual desire and increased the number of “satisfying sexual events” in women whose libidos were abnormally low.

The results of four Phase III studies involving over 2,000 woman who were in pre-menopausal stage and who were suffering from a type of disorder known as Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) were presented at the congress of the European Society for Sexual Medicine in France.

According to women who use the drug, the average number of times they experienced “satisfying sexual events” increased from 2.8 to 4.5 times a month. Women who used the placebo, however, said the number of times they experienced such satisfying sexual events increased to 3.7 times a month.

Unlike Viagra pills, Flibanserin must be taken once daily and could take up to a month before it can start to produce its effect.

Flibanserin increases dopamine and noradrenalin and decreases serotonin in animals.

Mechanism of action
Flibanserin helps to enhance female libido by directly manipulating the chain of chemical reactions in the brain that are believed to be responsible for triggering sexual desire.

This is quite different from Procter & Gamble’s hormone patch Intrinsa, which is aimed at helping women in their post-menopausal stage.

Clinical trials
As of November 2009, Phase III clinical trials are ongoing. The aim of these trials is to assess the safety and efficiency of the drug in pre- and post-menopausal women.

If this groundbreaking drug is passed safe and efficient for the treatment of sexual dysfunctions in women, it would be a major breakthrough in this widely unknown field.